白斑症病毒感染与病毒囊膜完整性的关系

对白斑症病毒（white spot syndrome virus,WSSV）感染与病毒囊膜完整性关系的探讨,是深入研究切断WSSV感染途径,为该病的预防提供一条新思路、新方法并积累实验依据的重要环节.本实验利用物理低渗方法即用蒸馏水使WSSV的囊膜破碎,破坏了病毒囊膜完整性,并用此病毒做螯虾体内、外感染实验.结果发现,WSSV的囊膜破碎后仍具有感染性;在此基础上,分别用抗WSSV囊膜蛋白的单克隆抗体（4G9）和抗WSSV核衣壳蛋白单克隆抗体（2A3）进行螯虾体内中和实验,结果显示抗WSSV囊膜蛋白的单抗有中和作用,而抗WSSV核衣壳蛋白的单抗无中和作用;将破碎的囊膜从核衣壳上去掉后,用不同浓度的纯核衣壳重复以上体内感染实验,结果其感染性消失,说明囊膜破碎的WSSV引起的感染是由WSSV上的破碎囊膜介导的病毒侵染所致,而不是核衣壳被直接内吞引起的.这些结果提示,WSSV是否引起靶细胞感染主要与病毒囊膜上与病毒侵染有关的功能蛋白有直接关系,只要这些功能蛋白活性不变并且存在的量足以与靶细胞膜结合,即使WSSV囊膜破碎、结构不完整也能引起感染.

Relationship Between Infection of White Spot Syndrome Virus and Envelope Integrity

The relationship between infection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and envelope integrity was studied in order to accumulate more experimental data for cutting down the epidemic of WSSV and discovering a new way to control the disease of WSSV. The results showed that the virus with broken envelopes caused by low osmotic pressure could infect crayfish (Cambrus proclarkii) in vivo and vitro. Additionally, anti-WSSV MAbs (4G_9) recognized epitopes on envelope of virus and the other one (2A_3) recognized epitopes on the capsid were used to neutralize the infection of WSSV respectively, the results showed that the anti-WSSV Mab (4G_9) had a neutralizing effect and the other one (2A_3) did not in vivo. Finally, the pure capsides without any envelope around them was used to repeat the above infectic test, and the results showed that the pure capsides could not induce infection in vivo, which suggested that WSSV's infection only depended on the quantity and activity of envelope's function proteins connecting with infection. As long as those function proteins possessed activity and were adequate in quantity to combine with the membrane of the target cell, WSSV would induce infection, even if the envelope of WSSV was not intact, which might be one of the main reasons why it is difficult to control the epidemic of WSSV.