Paleoecological investigation of recent lake acidification in the northern Great Lakes states |
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| Authors: | J C Kingston R B Cook R G Kreis Jr K E Camburn S A Norton P R Sweets M W Binford M J Mitchell S C Schindler L C K Shane G A King |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Geology, University of Minnesota, 55812 Duluth, MN, USA;(2) Present address: Department of Biology, Queen's University, K7L 3N6 Kingston, Ontario, Canada;(3) Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, 37831-6036 Oak Ridge, TN, USA;(4) Present address: Large Lakes Research Station, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 9311 Groh Rd., 48138 Grosse Ile, MI, USA;(5) Present address: 163 Park Fairfax Drive, 28208-4442 Charlotte, NC, USA;(6) Department of Geological Sciences, University of Maine, 04469 Orono, ME, USA;(7) Present address: Department of Biology, Indiana University, 47405 Bloomington, IN, USA;(8) Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, 02138 Cambridge, MA, USA;(9) Faculty of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 13210 Syracuse, NY, USA;(10) New York City, Department of Environmental Protection, 12740 Grahamsville, NY, USA;(11) Limnological Research Center, University of Minnesota, 55455 Minneapolis, MN, USA;(12) Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 200 S.W. 35th St., 97333 Corvallis, OR, USA |
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| Abstract: | Paleoecological analyses of sediments from nine northern Great Lakes states (NGLS) lakes reveal small pH changes in seven of these lakes since 1860, four of these being declines. The largest diatom-inferred (DI) pH declines of 0.5 pH units were found in Brown L. and Denton L., Wisconsin. Two other lakes with suspected total alkalinity declines (based on an acidification model and on historical water chemistry, respectively), McNearney L., Michigan, and Camp 12 L., Wisconsin, have not acidified recently according to diatom-inference techniques. Many of the observed trends of increasing pH are coincident with logging; floristic composition of diatom assemblages also changed coincident with fisheries manipulations in some lakes, but these floristic trends did not affect DI pH. Sediment core profiles of Pb, S, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons provide a record of atmospheric deposition of fossil fuel combustion products beginning around the turn of the century; onset is later and accumulation rates are smaller than for other northeastern study regions of the Paleoecological Investigation of Recent Lake Acidification (PIRLA) Project. The response of diatom species to lakewater pH in the NGLS region is very strong and similar to response in other regions. Overall, there is little paleoecological evidence that acidic deposition has caused significant acidification of lakes in the NGLS region.This is the twelfth of a series of papers to be published by this journal which is a contribution of the Paleoecological Investigation of Recent Lake Acidification (PIRLA) project. Drs. D.F. Charles and D.R. Whitehead are guest editors for this series. |
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| Keywords: | lake acidification mid-western U S A diatoms geochemistry pollen land use |
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