塔克拉玛干沙漠中的古代交通路线

塔克拉玛干沙漠是中国第一大沙漠,世界第二大流动沙漠,环境极为严酷,交通十分困难。但据文献记载,古代曾有以下5条路线,即丝绸之路的南道、姑墨—于阗道、坎城—神山堡—疏勒道、焉耆—于阗道及抒弥—龟兹道,却不乏我国古代人民的足迹。根据现存历史文献反映,晋代高僧法显是我国第一个从东北向西南穿越塔克拉玛干沙漠的人,玄奘是第一个把塔克拉玛干沙漠比作“死亡之海”的人。

The Ancient Traffic Routes in the Taklimakan Desert

Taklimakan desert is the largest desert in China and the second large moving desert in the world. The environment in Taklimakan desert is extremely harsh and the transportation there is hardly convenient. However, there once existed five routes that served ancient prosperous transportation according to the records of documents, and they are the southern road of "silk road", the Gumo-Khotan road, the Kan City-Holy hill fortress-Shule road, the Yanqi-Khotan road and the Shumi-Guizi road. In addition, some literatures have documented that Faxian, an eminent monk in Jin Dynasty, was the first person who traveled across the Taklimakan desert from northeast to southwest, and Xuanzang is another first person who compared the Taklemakan desert to "sea of death".