汶川地震后四川安县甘沟培溃泥石流及其对策

汶川地震诱发的大量崩塌和滑坡不仅直接为泥石流活动提供松散固体物质,还可能造成沟道堵塞.沟道内的堵塞坝虽然不像主河道上的堰寒湖那样造成大范围灾害,但溃央后却会引发大规模泥石流,给人民生命财产和基础设施等造成严重危害.以四川省安县高川乡甘沟为例,说明其造成泥石流的危害特征及防治对策.通过对甘沟自然环境背景条件的分析,发现甘沟具备泥石流暴发的地形地貌和降水条件;流域内地震诱发的崩滑体不仅为泥石流的形成提供丰富的松散固体物质,还造成沟道堵塞,形成堵溃型泥石流.甘沟已建的排导槽存在过流能力不够、槽底和侧墙已基本被破坏、弯道处未考虑超高、沟内未布置拦挡工程等问题.目前沟内由于松散固体物质充足,在一定的降水条件下,仍会再次暴发泥石流.针对甘沟的具体情况,提出了修建拦挡、重建排导槽并结合预警预报措施的防治对策,并对重建排导槽的过流断面进行了优化设计.

Dam-breaking Debris Flows and Its Countermeasures of Gangou Gully Following the Wenchuan Earthquake in Anxian County,Sichuan

A large number of landslides,induced by the Wenchuan Earthquake,directly provide loose materials for subsequent debris flows,but also may cause channel blockage.Channel blockage,as contrasted with river blockage,may not cause widespread damages,but it will transform into large-scale debris flows and cause serious harm to people's lives and property and infrastructure.In this paper,taking Gangou gully of Anxian County in Sichuan Province of China as example,we studied the debris flow characteristics and put ...