浙江洞头不同品系羊栖菜的栽培性状及ISSR分析

浙江洞头栽培的羊栖菜具有不同来源,通过定期测定5种不同品系羊栖菜(原始采集地分别是韩国、浙江洞头、浙江南麂列岛、浙江东极岛及广东汕头)的栽培性状,发现在生长阶段后期,各品系在株重和株高方面都存在显著性差异,原始亲本引自韩国的羊栖菜品系较其他品系具有更好的生长优势,可作为育苗选种目标品系。利用ISSR分子标记技术对这5种羊栖菜品系进行遗传多样性分析,结果显示,从36条引物中筛选出的11条引物,经PCR扩增得到219条羊栖菜DNA片段,其中多态性片段为129条,多态性条带比率达58.9%;5个羊栖菜品系之间的遗传距离为0.151 0~0.382 4,且聚在一起,同属的鼠尾藻在最外群。本研究从DNA分子水平上揭示了目前洞头养殖的羊栖菜品系遗传多态性偏低,为今后开展羊栖菜种质资源保护及其优良苗种的选育提供了一定的理论参考。

Analysis of cultivated characteristics and ISSR of different strains of Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setch. in Dongtou,Zhejiang

There are diverse origins of cultivated Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setch. in Dongtou, Zhejiang Province. In this paper, 5 strains of S. fusiforme were investigated, of which one came from Korea, three were collected from Dongtou, Nanji Island, Dongji Island of Zhejiang Province, and the last one was from Shantou, Guangdong Province. Significant differences were found among the five strains in the algal weight and height. The strain of S. fusiforme from Korea had better growth advantages than others, so it could be used as target strain for breeding. The genetic diversity of S. fusiforme was analyzed by ISSR makers. The genetic distances among the samples were calculated by Popgen 32 and the cluster analysis was performed by UPGMA method. The results showed that 11 ISSR primers could amplify polymorphic and informative bands from the 36 screened primers. Total 219 DNA bands were amplified, of which 129 were polymorphic and the percentage of polymorphic loci reached to 58.9%. The genetic distances of the 5 samples varied from 0.151 0 to 0.382 4. In the dendrogram, five strains of S. fusiforme clustered into one clade and S. thunbergii were in the outgroup. The study revealed that the genetic diversity of the cultivated S. fusiforme in Dongtou was low on the DNA molecular level, which provided theoretical reference for the developing genetic resources conservation and superior seed breeding of S. fusiforme in the future.