西秦岭中志留统含铀岩组沉积相初析

西奏岭中志留统的层控袖矿床是在沉积作用构成铀源层的基础上,经地下水热液改造富集而成。志留系为被动大陆边缘海的沉积,其南侧为若尔盖古陆。中志留统分为三组,每组的下段均为泻湖相的细碎屑岩,每组的上段均为含炭硅灰泥岩组成的含铀岩组。中志留世时期有大体平行古海岸的水下隆起构成岛链障壁,含铀岩组属于泻湖-礁后潮坪-礁滩相组合。近岸的浅水条件,丰富的陆源细碎屑,局部的还原相带,是形成富铀沉积物的三个基本条件。铀的沉积主要发生在礁滩内缘和礁后潮坪相环境,具中偏低能量、有陆源细碎屑参与、存在生物大量死亡分解而造成的局部还原场,在较缓慢的沉积过程中,海水中的UO_2~(2 )系通过底水与有机质和粘土质等产生充分的渗透扩散和交替吸附而形成。

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON THE SEDIMENTARY FACIES OF THE MIDDLE SILURIAN URANIFEROUS ROCK FORMATIONS IN WESTERN QINLING

The Middle Silurian stratabound uranium deposits in Western Qinling were formed due to hydrothermal modification of ground water and reconcentration of uranium from the sedimentary source rocks. The Silurian system consists of the sediments deposited in the marginal sea of the Passive continent, to the south of which is the Ruoergai Palaeocontinent. The Middle Silurian is divided into three formations. The lower members of each formation are composed of fine-grained clastic rocks with bay-lagoon facles, while the upper members of each formation are uraniferous rock formations consisted of carbonaceous-siliceous-limestone-argillaceous rocks. During the Middle Silurian period there occurred an island chain barrier which is roughly Parallel to the Palaeocoast and was formed by under sea uplifts. The uraniferous rock formations belong to the assemblage of lagoon-reef-back tidal flat-reef beach facies. Nearshore shallow water environment, abundant terrestrial fine detritus, local reduction facies and zones are three cardinal conditions for the formation of uranium-rich sediments. Uranium deposition mainly took place in the environments of the inner part of reef beach and reef-back tidal flat, which are characterized by having medium to slightly lower energy, the terrestrial fine detritus involved, and local reduction field resulting from the decomposition of organism after their massive death. During the process of relatively slowly deposition, UO_2~(2 ) in the sea water was formed by means of infiltration, diffusion amd alternative absorption of water at the bottom onto organic matter and clay.