青岛海岸带及邻近海域地形和沉积物类型研究

研究了青岛海岸带及邻近海域的地形特征、沉积物类型及分布特征。总体看来,沿海岸粒度较粗,为砂、粉砂质砂等,向海深处粒度有逐渐变细的趋势,海深处的沉积物主要为砂—粉砂—黏土,局部为粉砂质黏土、黏土质粉砂和黏土质砂。灵山岛周围,沉积物粒度较粗。胶州湾口内外为一海底深槽,水深流急,冲刷强烈,沉积物粒度非常粗,主要为粗砂、中砂,局部有基岩出露。深槽南北两侧各有一条突出海底的砂脊,平行于深槽延伸方向砂脊由中砂组成,混有少量黏土,北侧砂脊表面呈不规则起伏,南侧砂脊表面则较为平整。胶州湾内沉积物粒度总体较细,主要为粉砂质黏土、黏土质粉砂及砂—粉砂—黏土等。根据沉积物类型及分布特征,可把青岛海岸带及邻近海域的沉积划分为4个沉积区:胶州湾口及滨岸现代沉积区、北部浅海沉积区、南部浅海沉积区和残留—残余沉积区。

Topography and Sediment Types of the Qingdao Coast Zone and the Adjacent Sea Areas

Topographic features as well as types and distributions of sediments in Qingdao coast zone and adjacent sea areas are introduced by the authors.Generally speaking,sediments near the coast are coarse sands and silty sands,and the grain sizes become finer gradually seawards.The deepwater sediments mainly consist of sand-silt-clay and locally of silty clay,clayey silt and clayey sand.Sediments surrounding the Lingshan Island are very coarse.There is a deep submarine trough around the mouth of the Jiaozhou Bay,filled with coarse and medium coarse sands with bedrock exposed locally.On either the south or the north side of the trough,there is a sand ridge of medium sand with minor clay above the seafloor,parallel to the trough.The north sand ridge has an irregular undulation surface,while the south sand ridge has a relatively flat surface.Within the Jiaozhou Bay,sediments are generally fine and consist of silty clay,clayey silt and sand-silt-clay.According to the sediment types and distributions,the study area can be divided into four sedimentary parts.