近45 a六盘水大风天气气候特征分析

 利用1961—2004年六盘水市各测站逐日风的观测资料,采用统计方法,对六盘水地区大风天气的分布情况、年际变化及大风发生日数的气候变化特征等进行了分析。结果表明,近45 a大风天气西南部最多,北部次之,东部最少;六盘水市一年四季均有大风天气出现,但大风天气的出现有着明显的季节性变化,春季出现频次最高,冬季次之,秋季最小;六盘水市各地大风天气主要出现在每年的2—5月,3月最多,4月次之,9月最少;大风天气20世纪60、70年代持续偏多,进入80年代后,大风日数持续偏少,在1980年附近急剧减少,从总的气候趋势看,大风天气总日数近45 a来呈下降趋势;年总大风日数在1980年附近存在突变现象,表现为日数的急剧减少。

Analysis on Climate Features of Windy Weather in Recent 45 Years in Liupanshui of Guizhou Province

Based on a series (1960—2004) of daily wind data of three weather stations in Liupanshui of Guizhou province the authors analyzed the climate characteristics of windy weather, including its distribution, inter-annual variability and frequency by using the statistical method. The results showed that the frequency of gale weather varied in different regions, being the highest in the southwest, second high in the north, and the least in the east. Gale weather occurred in every season in Liupanshui city, but had obvious seasonal variation, with the highest frequency in Spring, the second in Winter and the least in Autumn. In detail, the most of gale events occurred during Feb. to March, especially in March, and that in April was the second; the least appeared in September. As for decadal variation, the annual gale days was more in 1960s and 1970s, and became less after entering 1980s; in generally, the changing trend is decreasing; there was a abrupt change from more to less in 1980.