梅州城市空间形态演化及其成因分析

在把握梅州城市近千年的形成与发展历史的基础上,总结梅州城市空间形态的演化特征,剖析其空间形态演化的成因。受河流的阻碍与切割、行政建制的变迁与政府导向、城市规划的引导与控制、城市的职能转变与规模扩张等多因素的作用和影响,梅州城市空间形态呈"块状-星状-纺锤形-圈层状"演化。梅州城市空间形态的嬗变要满足历史文化名城保护的要求,分散组团状空间形态将是梅州城市空间形态的演化方向。

Evolution of the Urban Spatial Form of Meizhou

Meizhou is an ancient city with a history of more than thousand years.In long development process,it experienced several important periods: 1) formation of the ancient embryo city,2) expansion of the ancient city,3) formation of the old city on the north of the Meijiang,and 4) layout along the two banks of the river,5) formation of three sections separated by two rivers(the Meijiang and the Chengjiang).Affected by those factors,such as the hindrance and separation of the rivers,the changes of the administrative system,the guidance from the government,the control of urban planning,the transformation of the city function,and the expansion scale of the urban area,etc,the evolution of Meizhou city went through four stages: 1) forming a development node,2) growing along some axes,3)filling in the gaps between the axes,and 4) spreading and expanding from urban center.The city at those stages was of block,star,spindle and concentric circles shape,respectively.At present,the city is characterized by its concentric circles structure.It is considered that the spatial conformation of Meizhou should meet the requirements of protecting the historical and cultural city.A structure of scattered groups or cluster would be the evolvement direction of the urban spatial form of Meizhou.