近30年辽河口盖州滩沉积环境研究

对采自辽河口盖州滩北部柱状样进行沉积物粒度分析和137Cs、210Pb年代测试，结合1988年、1994年、1999年和2013年4期遥感影像数据，对近30年盖州滩沉积环境进行了研究。沉积物样品主要为砂质粉砂和粉砂，分选较差，极正偏，峰态很窄至宽。近30年来盖州滩沉积速率为2.83 cm/a，沉积较为快速。1969年，盘山建闸后，虽然辽河入海径流量和输沙量减少，盖州滩沉积物粒度仍受到径流、潮流和波浪的共同影响，以径流影响为主；1999年，辽河截流后，径流影响较弱，潮流和波浪对沉积物改造作用增强。盖州滩发育过程受到径流、潮流和波浪以及人类活动的共同影响，但近30年来盖州滩主体形态无明显变化，仅北部沙洲不断淤高，与主沙体连为一起，南部受波浪改造呈鸟足状。

The research of sedimentary environment of Gaizhou Shoal at Liaohe Estuary in recent 30 years

This paper analyzes the sedimentary environment of Gaizhou Shoal in recent 30 years based on the grain size analyses and ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb dating of sediment samples from the core, collected from the north of Gaizhou Shoal, combining with remote sensing images of 1988, 1994, 1999 and 2013. The results show that the type of sediment are sandy silt and silt with poor sorted, fine skewed and platykurtic. The deposition rate of Gaizhou Shoal in recent 30 years is rapid with 2.83 cm/a. The annual runoff and sediment discharge of Liaohe River decreased after the building of Panshan sluice in 1969, and the grain size of sediment of Gaizhou Shoal was restricted by runoff, tidal current and wave while the runoff was the main factor. Liaohe River was closured in 1999, and then the effect of runoff weakened while the effect of tidal current enhanced. The development process of Gaizhou Shoal was affected by runoff, tidal current, wave and human activities, but the main form of Gaizhou Shoal has no significant change in recent 30 years, while the northern increased and connected with the main shoal, and the southern was birdfoot because of wave reforming.