准格尔地区粉煤灰中镓的浸出率影响因素研究

为了粉煤灰的高附加值综合利用,采用酸浸法对准格尔地区循环流化床粉煤灰进行了镓的浸出实验研究,考察了多种因素对镓的浸出率的影响,包括粉煤灰粒度,酸的种类与浓度、酸浸温度与时间、固液比等。结果表明,提高镓的浸出率的适宜条件为:粉煤灰粒度200目,盐酸的浓度6 mol/L,酸浸温度应大于160℃,酸浸时间6 h,液固比在5∶1~6∶1之间为宜。在优选的工艺条件下,镓的浸出率可达80%以上。从粉煤灰中提取镓,使其作为一种资源加以利用,是提高粉煤灰综合利用价值的有效途径。

Study on influence factors of leaching rate of gallium from fly ash in Jungar area

In order to get the comprehensive utilization of fly ash with high added value，the experiment was done，in which gallium was leached from the fly ash in circulation fluidization bed (CFB) from Jungar area by using acid leaching method． The effects of various factors on the leaching efficiency of gallium were investigated， including fly ash size，acid sort and concentration，acid leaching time and temperature，and solid- to- liquid ratio． The results show that the suitable conditions to improve the leaching efficiency of gallium include the particle size of fly ash as 200- mesh， the consistency of chlorhydric acid as 6 mol/L， the acid leaching temperature over 160℃， the acid leaching time as 6 h，and the solid- to- liquid ratio ranging from 5∶ 1 to 6∶ 1． Under the optimal process condi- tions，the gallium leaching rate can reach more than 80%． Extracting gallium from fly ash is an effective way for improving the value of the comprehensive utilization of fly ash as a kind of resources．