New Early Cretaceous sharks (Chondrichthyes,Elasmobranchii) from deep-water deposits of Austria |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Vienna, Department of Palaeontology, Geozentrum, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;2. Geological-Palaeontological Department, Natural History Museum, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria;1. University of Vienna, Department of Palaeontology, Geozentrum, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;2. Geological-Palaeontological Department, Natural History Museum, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria;1. Instituto Patagónico de Geología y Paleontología (IPGP–CONICET), Boulevard Almirante Brown 2915, 9120, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina;2. Laboratorio de Paleovertebrados, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, C.C. 360, 9000, Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina;3. Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Museo ‘Carlos Ameghino’, Belgrano 1700, Paraje Pichi Ruca (prédio Marabunta), 8300, Cipolletti, Río Negro, Argentina;1. División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque S/N, B1900FWA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina;3. Instituto de Estudios Andinos “Don Pablo Groeber”, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India;2. Greenwood Housing Cooperative Society Limited, 315B Upen Banerjee Road, Kolkata 700060, India;1. University of Sciences and Technology Houari-Boumèdiène, Laboratory of Geodynamic Bassins and Orogenesis, Algiers, Algeria;2. Sorbonne Universities, CR2P CNRS-MNHN-UPMC Paris 6, Department Origins and Evolution, National Museum of Natural History, CP 38, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France;3. Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco;1. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina;2. Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Houston State University, 1900 Avenue I, Lee Drain Building Suite 300, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA;3. Cátedra de Biología General, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina |
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| Abstract: | Early Cretaceous elasmobranchs still are very insufficiently known despite all progress that has been accomplished in recent years. Here, a small elasmobranch assemblage is presented from the Valanginian of Austria that contributes significantly to a better understanding of early Cretaceous elasmobranch diversity. The new assemblage comprises two new carcharhiniform sharks, Altusmirus triquetrus gen. et sp. nov. and Fornicatus austriacus gen. et sp. nov., a new orectolobiform shark, Similiteroscyllium iniquus gen. et sp. nov., and a galeomorph shark tooth of uncertain affinities. The recent identification of Similiteroscyllium gen. nov. has shown that it has strong similarities with Ornatoscyllium rugasimulatum from the Lower Cretaceous of France. Significant differences of the tooth morphology of O. rugasimulatum and the type specimen O. freemani justify full reconsideration of the systematic position of O. rugasimulatum and require it to be reassigned to Similiteroscyllium gen. nov. described in this paper. The new assemblage described here, and those from the Valanginian of France and Poland comprising 30 additional taxa, indicates that Early Cretaceous elasmobranch diversity was significantly higher than previously assumed. Consequently, the supposed diversity decline of elasmobranchs across the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary represents a collecting bias rather than a real pattern. |
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| Keywords: | Valanginian Galeomorphii Carcharhiniformes Orectolobiformes Diversity patterns |
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