Lamniform sharks from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Venezuela |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institut des Sciences de l''Evolution de Montpellier (ISE-M, UMR 5554, CNRS/UM/IRD/EPHE), Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France;2. Paleontological Institute and Museum, University of Zurich, Karl-Schmid-Strasse 4, Zürich, 8006, Switzerland;1. University of Sciences and Technology Houari-Boumèdiène, Laboratory of Geodynamic Bassins and Orogenesis, Algiers, Algeria;2. Sorbonne Universities, CR2P CNRS-MNHN-UPMC Paris 6, Department Origins and Evolution, National Museum of Natural History, CP 38, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France;3. Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco;1. Universidad Nacional de San Luis, CONICET, Departamento de Geología, Ejército de Los Andes 950, CP: 5700, San Luis, Argentina;2. Boston College, Charcas 3949, CP: 1425, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina;3. Museo de La Plata, CONICET, División Paleontología Vertebrados, Paseo del Bosque S/n, B1900FWA, La Plata, Argentina;4. Biodiversity Institute, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA;1. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 142 Xi-Zhi-Men-Wai St, P.O. Box 643, Beijing 100044, China;2. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origin, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 142 Xi-Zhi-Men-Wai St, P.O. Box 643, Beijing 100044, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy (Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences), 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China;4. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK;1. División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque S/N, B1900FWA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina;3. Instituto de Estudios Andinos “Don Pablo Groeber”, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Department of Natural History, Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History, 2-4-1 Higashida, Yahatahigashi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 805-0071, Japan;3. Institut de Recherches Géologiques et Minières du Cameroun, BP 4140, Yaoundé, Cameroon;4. Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire de Paléontologie de Poitiers, UMR 7262, Bat B35, TSA51106, Poitiers, France;5. Collège de France, Chaire de Paléontologie Humaine, Rue des Ecoles, Paris, France;1. Department of Geological Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey;2. School of Science, Penn State Behrend, 4205 College Drive, Erie, PA 16563, USA;3. Çalık Enerji, Oil and Gas Directorate, 06520, Söğütözü-Ankara, Turkey;4. University of Vienna, Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, 1090, Austria;5. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Sampling of Cenomanian fossil-rich horizons within the La Luna Formation of two localities in the Zulia and Trujillo states (northern Venezuela) yielded numerous shark teeth belonging to various species within the order Lamniformes (Mackerel sharks). Twelve lamniform species were identified including three new species (Squalicorax lalunaensis sp. nov., Squalicorax moodyi sp. nov., Acutalamna karsteni gen. et sp. nov.) and the genus Microcarcharias gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate with the peculiar morphology of the small-sized odontaspidid M. saskatchewanensis. Other taxa reported here include Cretoxyrhina mantelli, Cretolamna sp., cf. Nanocorax sp. and five Squalicorax species left in open nomenclature. This is the first report of chondrichthyans from the mid-Cretaceous of Venezuela and one of the few records of this group from the Cenomanian of South America. The composition of these assemblages suggests some degree of endemism in the La Luna Sea but also possible connexions with the Western Interior Seaway. One of the most striking features of these assemblages is the high anacoracid diversity (eight species) despite the corresponding outer shelf/upper slope palaeoenvironments of the La Luna Formation. The high diversity of these opportunistic predators is probably related to the high diversity of medium to large marine vertebrates that provided food resources. |
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| Keywords: | Chondrichthyes Anacoracidae La Luna Formation South America Upper Cretaceous |
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