广东蒸发皿蒸发量的变化特征及成因

利用广东86 个气象站1961-2008 年20 cm口径蒸发皿的实测资料，分析了广东小型蒸发皿蒸发量的变化趋势及其原因。结果表明，尽管在这48 年间广东年平均气温以0.21 ^oC/10a 的趋势递增，但是蒸发皿蒸发量总体上却以-54.67 mm/(10a) 的速度递减。蒸发皿蒸发量上升的地区只集中在粤中部分地区，下降幅度最大的地区则在粤西南、粤东沿海和珠江三角洲。通过对彭曼公式中能量平衡项和空气动力项的分析表明，粤中蒸发皿蒸发量的上升主要是因为供蒸发的动力上升幅度略大于能量下降幅度，而蒸发皿蒸发量的下降主要是供蒸发的能量和动力共同下降(或能量下降幅度远大于动力上升幅度) 所致。对各气象因子的趋势分析和相关分析表明，影响广东蒸发量的主要因子为日照时数和风速。

Changes in Pan Evaporation and Its Cause over Guangdong

The observation data of 20 cm caliber evaporation pan and related meteorological elements were collected from 86 weather stations of Guangdong for 1961-2008.Statistical analysis shows that the pan evaporation in Guangdong as a whole has continuously decreased at a rate of 54.67 mm per decade,although the annual mean temperature has increased at a rate of 0.21 oC per decade.The regions with a significant drop in pan evaporation are the Pearl River Delta,as well as southwestern and eastern coastal regions of ...