Institution: | Division of Global Development Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho, Nada, Kobe 657-8501,;Japan Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. E-mail:;Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Science, Beijing, China;Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan. E-mail: |