西藏桑日县巴玉水电站上游石冰川分布特征

全球变暖背景下石冰川运动加快，石冰川舌部沉积物堆积增加，导致泥石流的风险增大，石冰川可能是冰冻圈地区未来重要的致灾因素之一。随着社会经济和技术水平不断提高，人类活动范围不断扩大，越来越多的工程建设向偏远的高海拔山区推进，不可避免地面临石冰川问题。拟建于雅鲁藏布江中游桑日-加查峡谷段的一级电站巴玉水电站上游是否存在不稳定的石冰川分布受到关注。鉴于此，利用0.5 m分辨率GEOeye-1遥感影像，通过石冰川特有的纹理特征，结合SRTM提取的坡度信息，通过人工解译识别出拟建巴玉水电站上游的石冰川分布信息。结果表明：（1）石冰川集中在雅鲁藏布江北侧上游，共有27条，覆盖总面积为12.2±0.9 km²，平均面积为0.5 km²，平均长度为1 456 m，平均宽度为280 m。（2）石冰川分布在海拔4 570~5 720 m之间，平均末端海拔为4 920 m，属于舌状石冰川群，近50%石冰川处于活跃期，其中5条发生了前缘垮塌现象，可能引起泥石流等大型灾害。

Distribution characteristics of rock glaciers in the upstream of Bayu Hydropower Station in Sangri County,Tibet

The acceleration of the rock glacier movement due to global warming means that the ability to move gravels (material source of debris flow) downstream is increased. Due to the warming of the climate, the rock glacier may be an important future cause of the cryosphere disaster. With the continuous development of socio-economic and technological level, the scope of human activities is constantly expanding, more and more engineering projects are being advanced to remote high-altitude mountainous areas, which face the problem of glaciers and rock glaciers inevitably. It is important to monitor the distribution of rock glaciers in the upper reaches of the Bayu Hydropower Station. Therefore, our study uses GEOeye-1 remote sensing images with 0.5 m resolution to identify the distribution information of rock glaciers upstream of Bayu Hydropower Station by artificial interpretation through the unique texture features of the glacier combined with the slope information extracted by SRTM. It concludes that:(1) The upstream glacier in the proposed Bayu Hydropower Station is concentrated on the north side of the Yarlung Zangbo River with a total of 27 rock glaciers, covering an area of 12.2±0.9 km² with an average area of 0.5 km², and an average length of 1 456 m, and an average width of 280 m. (2) The rock glaciers are located at an elevation of 4 570 m to 5 720 m with an average terminal elevation of 4 920 m. Most rock glaciers are tongue-shaped. Thirteen (about 1/2) rock glaciers are in the active period, of which 5 rock glaciers collapsed terminally, will lead to debris flow and other large disasters.