基于遥感影像的海岸线提取方法综述

近年来,全球气候变暖等原因导致海平面不断升高,人类对海岸带的开发也越来越频繁,海岸带的变化比以前更为活跃,因此精确快速地提取出海岸线并实时监测其变化对我国海岸带的开发规划与利用具有重要的意义。本文详细梳理了国内外利用光学遥感、微波遥感和雷达遥感手段提取瞬时水边线或理论海岸线的方法,对各种经典方法和一些近年来出现的新方法进行了分析和比较,并指出各种方法的适用情况和不足。最后,针对目前中国在此方面的研究现状给出了一些建议。

Review of Coastline Extraction Methods Based on Remote Sensing Images

Coastline is the boundary between land and ocean, and the coastline position determination is the important content of the coastal zone, island and reef surveying. Coastline is generally divided into the island coastline and the mainland coastline. Under the background of global warming and the influence of the natural environment and human's exploitation, the coastline has been in a state of changing. Grasping the type, location, changing process and the future trend of the coastline accurately has great significance for guiding the coastal aquaculture, coastal zone development, navigation and transportation. Therefore, accurately and quickly extracting coastline and real-time monitoring its changes has the vital significance. Remote sensing technique has the features of observing large area synchronously, timely, and economically, which makes it an excellent choice for coastline classification and extraction. Now, remote sensing methods used in coastline extraction mainly include optical remote sensing, microwave remote sensing and laser radar technology. Various methods have been presented by researchers all over the world in recent years. However, some methods focus on waterline extraction instead of the defined coastline extraction. So this paper give summarize of waterline extraction and coastline extraction separately. Beyond that, the noise-reduction methods applied in coastline extraction and the solution of the inconsistency of level data in tidal are also mentioned in this paper. Overall, the paper reviews the recent research progresses on coastline extraction by all kinds of ways at home and abroad through analyzing their advantages, disadvantages and adaptability, and introducing their applications in many fields. Finally, feasible suggestion of the future research is forecasted based on its existent insufficiency.