The 8k event: cause and consequences of a major Holocene abrupt climate change |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geosciences and EMS Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Deike Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA;2. Soil Conservation Service, Gunnarsholt, IS-851 Hella, Iceland;1. INSTAAR, and Dept. of Geological Sciences, Univ. of Colorado, USA;2. Centre for Past Climate Studies, Department of Geoscience and Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;3. Akvaplan-niva AS, Fram Centre, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway;4. Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;1. Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands;2. Center for Isotope Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Groningen University, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands;3. Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;1. Dept. of Geography, Lower Mountjoy, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK;2. Environment Dept., University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG, UK;3. Programme for Economic Modelling, Nuffield College, 1 New Road, OX1 1NF, UK;4. School of Geography, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK;1. Palaeoenvironmental Laboratory (PLUS), Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, UK;2. Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK;3. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australia;1. University of Reading, Department of Archaeology, United Kingdom;2. University of Reading, Centre for Past Climate Change, United Kingdom;1. Institute of Geography, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany;2. School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom;3. Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland;4. Renard Centre of Marine Geology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;5. Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Montpellier University, France;6. GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 5.2 – Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Potsdam, Germany;7. Faculté Pluridisciplinaire Nador, Université Mohamed I Oujda, Morocco;8. Faculty of Geosciences, Tübingen University, Germany;9. Institute of Geography, Osnabruck University, Osnabruck, Germany;10. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Evolution, Leipzig, Germany;11. Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany;12. Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Switzerland;13. Institute of Geophysics and Geology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany;14. Institut National des Sciences de l''Archéologie et du Patrimoine, Rabat, Morocco |
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| Abstract: | A prominent, abrupt climate event about 8200 years ago brought generally cold and dry conditions to broad northern-hemisphere regions especially in wintertime, in response to a very large outburst flood that freshened the North Atlantic. Changes were much larger than typical climate variability before and after the event, with anomalies up to many degrees contributing to major displacement of vegetative patterns. This “8k” event provides a clear case of cause and effect in the paleoclimatic realm, and so offers an excellent opportunity for model testing. The response to North Atlantic freshening has the same general anomaly pattern as observed for older events associated with abrupt climate changes following North Atlantic freshening, and so greatly strengthens the case that those older events also reflect North Atlantic changes. The North Atlantic involvement in the 8k event helps in estimating limits on climate anomalies that might result in the future if warming-caused ice-melt and hydrologic-cycle intensification at high latitudes lead to major changes in North Atlantic circulation. Few model experiments have directly addressed the 8k event, and most studies of proxy records across this event lack the time resolution to fully characterize the anomalies, so much work remains to be done. |
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