The nearshore circulation off Long Island,August 1978 |
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| Institution: | 1. Mediterranean Information Office for Environment, Culture and Sustainable Development, Athens, Greece;2. Seaquarium Marine Institute, Le Grau du Roi, France;3. U Marinu, Bastia, France;4. AKTI Project and Research Centre, Nicosia, Cyprus;5. Hellenic Marine Environment Protection Association, Athens, Greece;6. Marevivo, Rome, Italy;7. Association Sunce, Split, Croatia;1. MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;3. Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;4. National Marine Science Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia;5. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;6. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;1. Sandia National Laboratories, Water Power Technologies, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA;2. North Carolina State University, Dept. of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA |
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| Abstract: | The subinertial circulation within 2 to 12 km of the Long Island coast is described from a set of observations of the velocity and density fields during August 1978. The flow was characteristically to the southwest, increasing offshore and decreasing with depth. This southwest flow was driven by an externally imposed shoreward rising sea level which was modified at the coast by local wind-driven divergences and convergences. Upwelling and downwelling circulations maintained isopycnal tilts which in turn geostrophically sheared the flow. Nearly complete compensation was observed during steady periods, reducing the near-bottom flow to within ∼80% of its barotropic magnitude. This decreased the effectiveness of bottom stress on the subinertial flow. Even with fairly uniform alongshore bathymetry, the flow was substantially not two-dimensional, because of bathymetric divergences, bottom slope interaction, and bottom stress variations. These effects, in addition to the greater responsiveness of the shallower water columns, tend to define a nearshore regime partially uncoupled from a midshelf regime. The boundary in this case was often observed between 25- and 30-m contours (4 to 8 km offshore). |
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