黄河悬浮物组成的地理分异

根据对1980年汛期在黄河18个水文站采集样品的分析结果,本文讨论了黄河悬浮物的粒度、矿物和化学组成从上游到下游的地理分异。

GEOGRAPHIC VARIATIONS OF THE COMPOSITIONS OF SUSPENDED MATTER IN THE YELLOW RIVER

Huanghe is located in semidry and semi-humid areas and temperate climate zone.The soil formation processes have been disturbed by extremely serious soil erosion.The compositions of suspended matter in the Huanghe (Yellow River) were controlled by physical weathering.This was indicated by the following observations.1) Most of the suspended matter,no matter from upper,middle or lower reaches,was products of physical breakdown of existing crystals,such as quartz,feldspar,mica and chlorite,2) The differences in grain size distribution between the suspended matter in middle reach and loess may be only due to deposition of coarse particles during transport by water,3) Correspondingly,the quartz content,which makes up the major part of coarse particles,is lower than that in loess,and the contents of feldspar and mica are higher.