世界城市中的跨国机构研究综述

在全球化的冲击下, 超越或嵌入国家地理疆界范围的行动者改变着世界政治地理格局。国际组织、国际非政府组织、跨国政府组织和跨国非政府组织等跨国机构在全球地缘政治中的角色越来越重要。地理学视角的研究认为, 不同类型的跨国机构在全球尺度上创造了复杂而多样化的全球政治地理结构, 也形成具有政治特色的世界城市体系。不仅如此, 跨国机构通过地方尺度的行动, 深入城市的全球化发展过程, 成为与世界城市紧密关联的影响因子, 对城市制度和内部空间等方面的变化发挥着不可忽视的作用。对当代西方地理学中跨国机构研究进行梳理和评述, 在此基础上指出目前存在的不足, 不仅是从地理学视角对跨国机构研究进展的把握, 也希望对中国当代政治地理和城市地理中跨国机构的研究有一定的借鉴和启示意义。

Review on Transnational Institutions in World Cities: A Geographical Perspective

With the impact of globalization,world political geographical pattern is changed by various cross-boundary actors or embedded actors.The role of transnational institutions,including International Organizations(IGOs),International Non-governmental Organizations(INGOs),Transnational Governmental Organizations(TGOs) and Transnational Non-governmental Organizations(TNGOs),is rising dramatically in global geopolitics.The research in western contemporary geography with a global dimension argues that various transnational institutions create complicated and diversified global political geographical structure,and also global cities system with political features.Moreover,researches with a local dimension argue the role of transnational institutions in the top world political cities.Transnational institutions embed international regulations into the city and also changes urban spatial formation,which becomes the significant influence factor for the development of world cities.The summary and review on transnational institutions in western contemporary geography in this paper point out the weakness through geographical perspective,which reflects not only nowadays the essentiality of transnational institutions’research,but also some implication and revelation in contemporary political and urban geography in China.