Generalized algorithms for particle motion and collision with streambeds |
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| Authors: | Patricio A.Moreno-Casas Fabian A. Bombardelli Juan Pablo Toro |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, 2001 Ghausi Hall, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States;2. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Alvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile;3. Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile;1. Faculty of Geology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam;2. Faculty of Marine and Coastal Engineering, Thuyloi University, 175 Tay Son, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam;3. SedTrend Analysis Limited, 7236 Peden Lane, Brentwood Bay, BC, Canada V8M1C5;4. Faculty of Meteorology, Hydrology and Oceanography, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam;1. Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran;2. Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran;3. Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Silchar, Silchar 788010, Assam, India;1. Department of Dams and Water Resources, College of Engineering, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia;3. Department of Water Resources Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq |
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| Abstract: | Recent theoretical and numerical models for the motion of saltating particles close to stream beds are constituted of three sub-models: a) a set of equations describing the particle "free flight", b) a sub-model to calculate the post-collision particle velocity, and c) a mathematical representation of the bed roughness. In this paper, a comprehensive three-dimensional(3-D), theoretical/numerical model for bedload motion at large Reynolds numbers is presented. By using geometric considerations and stochastic parameters to characterize collisions with the wall, five new sub-models for representation of bed roughness are, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, proposed and implemented. The emphasis of this paper is on the particle model, for which Basset, Magnus, drag, submerged weight, virtual mass,and lift forces are included. For the range of particle sizes(sands) analyzed herein, it is found that the stream-wise contribution of the Basset force, compared to other forces, may be as large as 60%. Whereas in the wall-normal direction, the Basset force is equally important as the drag force, and it is exceeded only by the submerged weight. It is also found that the best agreement between numerical and experimental results in terms of jump length, jump height, and stream-wise particle velocity is achieved for restitution and friction coefficients of 0.65 and 0.1, respectively. Important conclusions are obtained regarding the lack of realistic prediction with available "roughness" models with small ranges of angles. |
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| Keywords: | Particle saltation Particle collision Particle rotation Bed-load transport Basset force |
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