北京西山煤炭采空区“井筒型”塌陷灾害及成因

20世纪80年代以来，在北京西山开展的灾害地质调查中，“井筒型”塌陷坑的成因引起的争论较多。本文根据该类塌陷的地质特征，从当地的地质、水文、气候等条件的分析入手，提出煤炭采空是其形成的主要原因，地表水的下渗和矿震是其重要的诱发因素。

The Hazard and Origin of the Well-bore type collapse in the coal mined-out area of Western Hills,Beijing

In the geological hazard survey of Western Hills of Beijing Municipality, which began in the 1980s,one of the main arguments is the origin of well bore type coll apse Based on the geological,hydrological and climatic conditions of the Western Hills,we analyzed the geological features of well bore type collapse We proposed that the origin of well bore type collapse is chiefly related to the mined out of underground coal beds Meanwhile,the downward seepage of surface water and the mining induced earthquake are two important factors to induce the collapse