养殖海参主要疾病及防治技术

首次对中国养殖刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)疾病进行了全面、系统的流行病学调查。结果表明，育苗期的主要疾病有烂边病、烂胃病和化板症，而越冬保苗期和养成期则以腐皮综合症的危害最为严重。详细描述了以上主要病症的流行病学特征，总结出当前海参疾病的病原以细菌为主，兼有霉菌、寄生虫和敌害生物。此外，针对主要病症提出了相应的防治技术和综合预防措施，以指导生产实践。

Main diseases of cultured Apostichopus japonicus: prevention and treatment

Sea cucumber farming has been developed rapidly along the northern coast of China since the beginning of 21th century. It was estimated that the total culture area of sea cucumber has reached 33000 ha and the gross annual value has exceeded RMB 10 billion. The rapid expansion of sea cucumber farming has led to occurrence of various diseases, causing serious economic losses and becoming one of the limiting factors in the sustainable development of this industry. The authors carried out epidemiological study on the diseases of cultured sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus; several diseases were reported for the first time, including ulcerated margin, ulcerated stomach, and autolysis of juveniles, in nursery stage. Among them the skin ulceration disease was the major one in out-door cultivation. Several types of pathogens were recognized, including bacteria, fungi and parasites, raptors and competi- tors could also result the disease. Treatment and preventative measures for these diseases were also proposed.