巢湖对冬季陆面辐射和热量过程的影响

从物理气候学的观点出发，分析了湖泊对水体和陆地辐射平衡和热量平衡各分量的影响。以巢湖地区冬季观测资料为例，揭示了在晴稳天气湖陆风环流对陆面显热输送的影响，以及在冷平流天气，湖泊对上下风方陆面显热输送的影响。

Influence of Chaohu Lake on radiation and heat processes over land surface in winter

Chaohu Lake, situated between the Changjiang and Huaihe rivers, is one of the largest in China. According to the data observed, the principle of energy balance, the differences of radiation balance, sensible and latent heat fluxes between land and lake were analyzed. The results obtained are as follows:(1) Net radiation of the lake was larger than that over the land surface in daytime, but smaller in the early morning and at night. Latent heat flux from the lake surface was larger than that from the land surface the whole day.(2) Flux of sensible heat from the lake surface is smaller than that from the land surface in daytime, and larger at night.(3) Flux of sensible heat gradually decreased with the distance from the lake shore in daytime and gradually increased at night because of temperature differences between lake and land, or lake-land breeze. The phenomenon is very obvious in fine weather.(4) Lake-land breeze causes difference of soil heat flux in different distances from the shore. In cold advective weather, the upward sensible heat flux over the land surface is less than the downward one in daytime.