渝怀铁路圆梁山隧道桐麻岭背斜东翼岩溶涌水突泥灾害与整治方案比选

圆梁山隧道是在建铁路重庆至怀化线的关键性控制工程,隧道全长11.068km,最大埋深约780m。隧道施工穿越桐麻岭背斜东翼时,遇到了水平循环带岩溶强烈发育地段,该地段岩溶十分发育,且连通性好;加之数次强降雨,DK361 764、DK360 873等段多次突发大规模的涌水突泥砂、块石灾害,造成部分施工机具掩埋损毁,施工掘进严重受阻,蒙受巨大的经济损失,初步分析认为涌水突泥与地下暗河或岩溶泉群的主管道网络发生较为密切的联系,可以直接接受大气降水补给。为了确保隧道施工和运营安全,针对背斜东翼段岩溶发育情况、涌水突泥特征及其降雨影响程度,进行了泄水洞排水、平导排水、封堵和堵排结合4个整治方案比选,最终采用了泄水洞方案;2003年5～9月雨季,背斜地区多次普降(特)大暴雨,DK361 764、DK360 873等地段又再次突发大规模的涌突水(泥、砂、块石),都通过兴修的泄水洞排泄掉了,隧道及其村砌结构安然无恙,表明采用泄水洞方案整治背斜东翼段的岩溶涌水突泥灾害是正确的选择。

THE CALAMITY OF THE WATER AND MUD-ROCK POURING UP FROM KARST AND THE CHOOSING OF THE RENOVATE SCHEMES AT EAST WING OF THE DONGMALING ANTICLINE IN THE YUANLIANGSHAN YUHUAI RAILROAD TUNNEL

The Yuanliangshan tunnel is a key control project, which lies between Chongqing and Huaihua. It extends 11. 068km,and the most depth in the tunnel is 780m. When cuts across the east wing of the Dongmaling anticline, the building encounter the sector which develop an endless loop tape that contain lots of and well-connected Karst, in addition to much of powerful rainfall. There were extensive water and mud-rock pouring up time and again on the DK361+764, DK360+873, which cause lots of machines and tools buried or damaged, and the building tunneling met with obstruction seriously, We had to sustain tremendous loss in economy. Through analysing tentatively we think that the poured up water and mud-rock have contacts intently with the main piping network of the underground river or Karst fountains, which receive rainfall. There falls torrential rain of many times in anticlines areas in rainy season from May to September of 2003. DK 361+764, DK360+873again extensive welling up and dash for ward by water (mud, sand, stones) happened suddenly and continuously. Fortunately, the tunnel and lining cuttings are safe and sound by draining the water-mud-stones through sluicing hole. That indicates it is a correct choice to adopt the scheme that renovating east wing of anticline well up water dash for ward calamity by sluice hole mud in the Karst. In order to guarrantee the safety of the tunnel building and its operation, and in view of the development of the karst and features of the poured up water and mud-rock and effect degree of the rainfall in the east wing of the anticline, We compare with the choice in the sluicing-hole drain, flat-guide drain, sealed-block and block-drain, and finally we adopt the first one