极地冰盖物质平衡的最新进展与未来挑战

准确地探明冰盖物质平衡状况,对于研究全球变暖背景下海平面变化具有重要的意义,自IPCC AR4(政府间气候变化专门委员会第四次报告)以来,极地冰盖物质平衡的研究取得了很大进展。本文总结并对比了用卫星测高(雷达测高和激光测高)、物质收支测量和重力测量等方法得到的冰盖物质平衡评估结果,综述了冰盖数值模拟研究在预测冰盖未来的变化趋势以及由此对海平面造成的影响等方面取得的进展,并立足于中国当前的极地冰盖物质平衡研究现状,提出了该研究所面临的挑战。

PROGRESS AND FUTURE CHALLENGES IN THE STUDY OF ICE-SHEET MASS BALANCE

To assess the polar ice sheets mass balance accurately, is of significant importance for the study of sea-level rise under global warming. Since the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report, new observation of ice-sheet mass balance and improved computer simulation of ice sheet response to continuing climate change have been published. The progress have been made on ice-sheet mass balance with the satellite altimetry, mass budget and the satellite gravimetry techniques, which are discussed with special focus on the new estimates of ice-sheet mass balance and improved ice-sheet modelling, as well as the future ice-sheet changes. The frontier challenges that the ice-sheet mass balance study is currently confronting will be discussed as well.