黄土场地地铁车站振动台试验方案设计与研究

为得到可靠的试验数据，对黄土场地典型断面地铁车站大型振动台试验方案进行设计与研究。根据试验目的和特点，提出黄土场地与地铁车站动力相互作用模型体系相似设计原则，并基于Bockingham的π定理对模型结构进行相似设计；通过室内试验研究模型材料配合比、力学特性及模型制作技术；采用有限元-无限元耦合数值建模方法，分析黄土场地地铁车站地震响应，基于数值模拟结果对振动台试验中的传感器布设方案进行研究；根据西安及周边地区地震环境特点，确定振动台试验输入地震动与加载方案。研究结果表明，试验模型结构宏观震害与数值模拟结果较吻合。本研究可为黄土场地地铁车站、地铁隧道及地下商业街等地下结构振动台试验方案设计与深入研究提供参考。

Study on the Test Scheme of Shaking Table Test for Subway Station Built in Loess Area

For obtaining reliable results, the test scheme of shaking table test for subway station built in loess area was designed and analyzed. According to the aim and characteristic of model test, the principles of scale-model design considering the dynamic interaction between loess and structure were determined and the scale ratios of model system were deduced based on theorem of Bockingham π. The mix proportions, mechanical properties of model material and the construction technology of model structure were studied by experiments. In addition, the rules of seismic responses of model system were analyzed using finite-infinite element method and the sensors position of model test was determined to acquire the key data according to the results of numerical simulation. Then the input ground motions and loading scheme of model test were studied based on the seismic environment around Xi’an. The macroscopic seismic damages during shaking table test are similar with numerical analysis results. This paper can provide an important reference for the test design and antiseismic research of underground structures by shaking table tests.