Zircon dating,Sr and Nd isotopes,and element geochemistry of the Khalifan pluton,NW Iran: Evidence for Variscan magmatism in a supposedly Cimmerian superterrane |
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| Authors: | Fernando Bea Ali Mazhari Pilar Montero Sadraldin Amini Jalil Ghalamghash |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;2. Centre for Exploration Targeting, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;3. Division of Interdisciplinary Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan;4. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Saint Louis University, 3642 Lindell Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA;5. No. 4 Geological Party of Hebei Bureau of Geology for Mineral Resources Exploration, Chengde 067000, China;1. Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva, 18002 Granada, Spain;2. Department of Geology, Laboratoire de Géologie Appliquée, Géomatique et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Ben Msik, Université Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco;3. Direction de Development Minier, Ministry of Energy, Water and Environment, Rabat, Morocco;1. Department of Geology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;2. Department Geography and Geology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria;3. Parskani Comp., 50 Farhang-Hoseini Ave. Valiasr Sq., Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | The Khalifan pluton of the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone is composed of A-type peraluminous leucogranites with Nd model ages around 1.2 Ga. It intrudes an unfossiliferous sedimentary sequence previously considered as Cretaceous by analogy with neighboring areas. However, zircon U–Pb SHRIMP and Pb–Pb sequential evaporation dating have revealed that Khalifan granites are Carboniferous, with a precise age of 315 ± 2 Ma. This is the first reliable Variscan age obtained so far in this area, but there are geological indicators that other small plutonic bodies might also be Variscan. The existence of Carboniferous granite rocks in the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone casts doubts on whether it was a part of the Cimmerian superterrane detached from east Gondwanide terranes because these characteristically lack Variscan magmatism. The age, chemical features and Nd isotopes of Khalifan granites are similar to those of the southernmost Urals and Tien Shan, so that we tentatively suggest that this area bears a Middle Asian instead of Cimmerian linkage. |
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