碳酸盐岩喀斯特溶洞和裂缝系统的地震模拟与预测

提出了有助于确定碳酸盐岩裂缝带和喀斯特溶洞系统空间分布的地震正演模拟和预测方法。地震正演方法包含两个关键步骤，一是利用弹性波动方程计算含缝洞介质的有效弹性参数，另一步骤是根据有效弹性参数构成的等效地质模型，用单程声学波动方程进行波场延拓。数值模拟和实际地震数据的例子说明，将地震正演剖面与地震偏移剖面相结合进行对比分析有可能识别和预测碳酸盐岩地层中的缝洞发育带。

SEISMIC MODELING AND PREDICATION OF CARBONATEKARST CAVES AND FRACTURE SETS

In order to identify and predict the space distribution of fracture-sets and karst caves in carbonate layers, a seismic forward modeling algorithm and a prediction method are presented in this paper. The seismic modeling algorithm includes in two key steps in which one is for calculating effective elastic parameters in a fractured and caved media by using elastic wave equation, the other is for wave extrapolating by using acoustic one-way wave equation based on an equivalent geology model consisting of those effective parameters.Examples of numerical simulation data and real seismic data show that by combining and correlating the seismic forward modeling section with seismic migration section it is possible to identify and predict the fracture-cave zone in carbonate rock layers.