中国石油资源安全评价及保障措施

石油在国家军事、经济和社会发展中具有重要地位。目前，中国石油的对外依存度超过60%，其供给安全是国家地缘安全的重要组成部分。狭义的石油资源安全与国家在石油的开采、购买、运输过程中管控各种风险的能力相关，风险管控能力越强，资源安全越有保证。据此，提出了包括“风险因子-风险管控-资源安全”三个指标层的石油资源安全评价指标体系以及评价方法，并计算了中国过去15年的石油资源安全指数、资源供给安全指数、经济支付安全指数、地缘安全指数和运输安全指数，揭示了石油资源安全环境建设取得的成就和存在的问题，并提出了石油资源安全的保障措施。

Security evaluation of oil resources and measures on safeguard

Since 1990’s, resources security has been caused serious concern of scholars because it is influenced by many factors, some of which are hard to be controlled by our country. Oil resources plays an important role in the development of a country’s military, economy and society. So far, the external dependence of oil resources has exceeded 60%, therefore it can be regarded that oil resources supplying security is a significant part of geo-security. Base on the narrow comprehension of resources security, the article points out that the security of oil resources is our country’s ability to control risks brought about by a variety of emergencies-the stronger the ability goes, the securer oil resources is. Accordingly, a new resources security evaluation index system, which includes three index layers (risk factors, risk control and resources security), and evaluation method are proposed. Next, oil resources security index, supplying security index, payment security index, geo-security and transportation security index in the past 15 years are got through calculating related statistical data. The result shows the achievements and problems of oil resources security during this period. Finally, to increase the security of oil resources, some measures on safeguard are proposed from the aspects of resources-oriented diplomacy, energy-related infrastructure construction and cooperation in resources exploring.