彭州市大气污染物浓度变化特征研究

本文利用2017年彭州市大气污染物(SO₂、NO₂、O₃、CO、PM₁₀、PM_2.5)小时浓度数据并结合地面气象观测资料，统计分析了该地区大气污染物浓度的演变规律及影响因素。结果表明：该地区细粒子(PM₁₀和PM_2.5)污染较为严重，O₃次之，其它污染物浓度水平则低于国家新二级标准限值。观测期间，各污染物浓度表现出明显的日变化与季节变化，其中SO₂、O₃呈单峰型日变化，NO₂、CO和细粒子则呈双峰型日变化；污染物浓度的季节变化基本表现为冬高夏低、春秋次之的变化特征(O₃为夏高冬低)，并且固态污染物(PM₁₀、PM_2.5)与气态污染物(NO₂、CO)之间有显著的相关性。在污染物浓度与气象要素相关性分析中表明，湿度对于污染物浓度的影响整体上要弱于温度和风速，除了O₃与温度、风速呈正相关外，其它污染物与两者均呈负相关。除此以外，风向对于当地各种大气污染物的积累与清除也有直接的影响。

Research on Variation Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollutants Concentration in Pengzhou

The evolution of atmospheric pollutants concentration (SO₂,NO₂,O₃,CO,PM₁₀ and PM_2.5) and the influencing factor were analyzed by making use of the atmospheric pollutants data and surface meteorological data from Pengzhou in 2017. The results showed that the fine particle (PM₁₀ and PM_2.5) pollution in this area was more serious, followed by O₃, and the concentration of other pollutants were lower than the corresponding values of the new National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The concentration of the atmospheric pollutants had significant seasonal and daily variations.The curves of diurnal variations of SO₂ and O₃ showed single peak, however, the NO₂, CO and fine particle were showed two peaks. The seasonal variations of pollutants concentration was basically appeared highest winter and lowest summer, followed by spring and autumn (O₃ appeared highest in summer and lowest in winter), moreover, there was a significant correlation between solid pollutants (PM₁₀, PM_2.5) and gaseous pollutants (NO₂, CO). The correlation analysis of pollutants concentration and meteorological elements indicated that the influence of relative humidity on pollutants concentration was weaker than that of temperature and wind speed on the whole. Except that O₃ was positively correlated with temperature and wind speed, other pollutants were negatively correlated with both. In addition, wind direction also has a direct impact on the accumulation and removal of local atmospheric pollutants.