北极海域海面风场和海浪遥感观测能力分析

卫星遥感是开展北极海域海面风场和海浪分布特征与变化规律研究的重要手段。本文基于在轨多源卫星遥感数据，从遥感观测空间覆盖、时间覆盖和多源卫星遥感数据融合等方面开展北极海域海面风场与海浪遥感观测能力分析，研究主要结果为:基于ASCAT和HY-2A散射计可实现北极海域海面风场遥感观测，通过多星联合观测可获取北极海域时空分辨率优于12 h和0.1°的海面风场遥感融合数据；基于HY-2A、CryoSat-2、SARAL和Sentinel-3高度计可实现北极海域海浪遥感观测，同样通过多星联合观测可获取北极海域时空分辨率优于1 d和0.25°的海浪有效波高遥感融合数据；基于2016年北极海面风场和海浪遥感融合数据，分析得出北极海域海面风场和海浪在2月处于极大值，然后逐渐减小，7月最小，随后开始逐渐增大。本研究表明，基于多源散射计和高度计遥感观测可实现北极海域海面风场和海浪的高时空分辨率遥感业务化监测。

Analysis of Arctic seas surface wind field and ocean wave remote sensing observation capability

Satellite remote sensing is an important method to study the distribution and variation of sea surface winds and ocean waves in the Arctic seas. Based on remote sensing data of the orbiting multi-source satellites, the observation capability of the sea surface wind and the ocean wave in the Arctic Ocean is analyzed from three aspects:spatial coverage of remote sensing observations, time coverage and remote sensing data merging. It is concluded as follows. The ASCAT and HY-2A scatterometers can be used for sea surface wind remote sensing observation in the Arctic seas and the multi-satellite joint observation can obtain the sea surface wind remote sensing data with the spatial and temporal resolution of better than 12 hours and 0.1° in the Arctic Ocean. Based on the HY-2A, CryoSat-2, SARAL and Sentinel-3 altimeters, the remote sensing observations of the Arctic seas waves can be realized. The multi-satellite joint observations can obtain the ocean wave remote sensing data of the spatial and temporal resolution of 1 day and 0.25° in the Arctic seas. Based on sea surface wind and ocean wave fusion data in 2016, it is concluded that sea surface wind and ocean wave in the Arctic seas are high from January to March and then decrease to the minimum in July, then gradually increase. The results show that sea surface wind and ocean wave in the Arctic seas can be monitored by multi-source scatterometers and altimeters with high spatial and temporal resolution.