Mathematische Simulation ptygmatischer Strukturen |
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Authors: | Dozent Dr-Ing Hansgeorg Förster Dipl-Ing Jürgen Leonhardt |
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Institution: | (1) Present address: Institut für Mineralogie und Lagerstättenlehre der RWTH, Wüllnerstr. 2, Aachen |
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Abstract: | Zusammenfassung Die Entstehung der Schlingen in den südlichen Ötztaler Alpen (Ostalpen) wurde bisher überwiegend auf äußere Spannungsfelder zurückgeführt. Damit waren die Faltenstrukturen in diesem Gebiet durch Biege- und Biege-Scher-Faltung hinreichend erklärbar. Bei Berücksichtigung der hohen Teilbeweglichkeit des Gesteins während der Schlingenbildung muß ein anderer Faltungsmechanismus angenommen werden. Es wird versucht, die Faltenstrukturen als Ergebnis eines Fließvorgangs in Abhängigkeit von einer Geschwindigkeitsverteilung zu erklären. Unter Benutzung eines vonHarburgh &Bonham-Carter entwickelten Programms und bei Vorgabe verschiedener Randbedingungen werden Strombilder simuliert und vom Plotter in Geschwindigkeits-Vektor-Darstellung ausgegeben. Die Ergebnisse werden im Gelände beobachteten Strukturen und im Experiment erzeugten Bildern gegenübergestellt. Die gute Übereinstimmung kann als Hinweis auf die Entstehung ptygmatischer Strukturen durch interne Geschwindigkeitsverteilung angesehen werden.
Until now the formation of vortex structures in the southern Oetztal Alps (Eastern Alps) has been regarded as the result of external stresses, allowing adequately to explain the structures as flexural and passive folds. Taking into consideration the high ductility of rocks during vortex formation another mechanism of folding has to be assumed. The attempt is made to explain the structures as the result of flowage due to a velocity distribution. Using a programm written byHarburgh &Bonham-Carter arrays of stream lines are calculated for varying boundary conditions and plotted as velocity vectors. The output will be compared with structures observed in the field as well as with results of folding experiments. From the good agreement follows that ptygmatic folding may be due to an internal velocity distribution.
Résumé La genèse des »Schlingen« dans la partie méridionale des Alpes de l'Oetztal (Alpes orientales) a été jusqu'à présent rapportée principalement à des contraintes extérieures. Les structures plissées ont été dès lors expliquées dans cette région comme plis de ploiement et plis semblables. Si on considère la grande plasticité des roches lors du plissement, on doit admettre un autre mécanisme de plissement. Les auteurs essaient d'expliquer les structures plissées comme le résultat d'un processus d'écoulement qui dépendrait de la répartition des vitesses. Utilisant un programme établi parHarburgh &Bonham-Carter et présentant diverses conditions marginales, ils obtiennent par simulation des figures d'écoulement figurées comme vitesses vectorielles. Ces résultats sont des structures observées sur le terrain; ils sont confrontés aux figures produites lors des essais expérimentaux. La bonne concordance indique qu'on peut envisager les structures ptygmatiques comme résultant de la répartition interne des vitesses.
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![iecy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1088.gif) ![scy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/x7172846u251l310/xxlarge1077.gif) .
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