土地利用结构优化图谱研制——以科尔沁沙地典型样区为例

地学信息图谱是一种现代信息技术条件下的地理时空分析方法论。本文阐述了土地利用结构优化图谱的时空尺度、情景过程、层次结构、图谱和模型的互馈等科学问题。提出遥感影像信息源和前期工作产生的土地利用现状、生态安全单因子评价系列的征兆图谱,中期工作得出的生态安全及土地利用综合评价系列的诊断图谱,后期的土地利用优化情景系列的实施图谱。各层次图谱在分类和分级体系上要具有一定的统一协调性。科尔沁沙地八仙筒镇的优化实例表明,应用地学信息图谱进行土地利用结构优化可以实现对过去、现在和未来的反演、评价和预测,进而为区域土地可持续发展提供决策依据。

Studies on Geo-informatic Tupu in Optimization of Land Use Structure--Taking the Typical Region of Horqin Sandy Land as a Case

Geo-informatic Tupu is a methodology for geographic spatio-temporal analyses in the condition of modern information technology, which illustrates the spatial distribution and dynamic process of geographic phenomena. Optimization of land use structure is the integration of distribution and process, and Geo-informatic Tupu is strongly applicable for it. Some aspects of Tupu during optimization of land use structure, such as spatio-temporal scale, scenarios of process, hierarchy, inter-feedback between Tupu and models etc., are discussed in this paper. The Tupu of land use and single index of ecological safety produced in the first stage is counted in sign Tupu. The complex evaluation Tupu of ecological safety and land use in the second stage is counted in diagnosis Tupu. The Tupu of optimization scenarios in the last stage is counted in action Tupu. The type definition and grade classification of Tupu should be systematic and harmonious. The optimization case of Baxiantong in Horqin Sandy Land show that Geo-informatic Tupu in optimization of land use structure can provide series of scenarios for constructing the past, evaluating the present and predicting the future. Furthermore it will offer evidence for land use sustainable development decision-making.