Evidence of freshwater dinoflagellates and other algae in the English Wealden (Early Cretaceous) |
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| Institution: | 1. Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Hydrobiology, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;2. Voivodship Inspectorate of Environmental Protection in Poznań, Czarna Rola 4, 61-625 Poznań, Poland;1. A.A. Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyusnaya 123, 117647 Moscow, Russia;2. Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Professora Popova 2, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia;1. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China;2. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China;1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, United States;2. CONICET–Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Avenida Fontana 140, Trelew, Chubut, 9100, Argentina;3. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Av. Roca 1242, General Roca, Río Negro, 8332, Argentina;4. Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States;5. L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, United States |
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| Abstract: | The remains of phytoplankton occur at many horizons in the Wealden succession of southern England. Some of these are dinocysts that are identical to known marine Early Cretaceous species but the sedimentological and palaeontological associations of others indicate fresh-water origins. Species of the cyst genera Australisphaera, Ripea and several new forms are among the members of this group. They commonly occur together with the chlorococcalean algae Pediastrum, Scenedesmus, Tetraedron and Tetrastrum. The last of these has not had a fossil record hitherto, and both Scenedesmus and Tetraedron have hardly ever been reported previously from pre-Quaternary deposits. These findings contradict the widely held opinion that dinoflagellates did not occupy freshwater habitats until the beginning of the Cenozoic Era. |
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