机场群研究进展与展望

机场群是国内业界及学界的重要实践创新,并逐步成长为航空运输地理学的新兴研究领域之一。国内机场群的相关研究整体呈现3个阶段：2007年及之前的萌芽阶段、2008—2016年起步发展阶段及2017年以来的繁荣发展阶段。相关研究主题主要涉及6个方面：① 发展过程与组织模式甄别,② 腹地市场及地面交通衔接,③ 航空联系与航线网络优化,④ 旅客出行行为及机场选择,⑤ 机场规划布局与评价分析,⑥ 机场竞合关系及区域协同探讨。基于地理学的研究视角,机场群未来的研究应重点关注3个方面：一是明确机场群概念的空间内涵,加强实证研究分析,建立机场群空间组织模式识别的理论与方法体系;二是以城市群为基底构建机场—腹地“空间流”大数据体系,探讨机场群的时空模式与发展机制;三是探索指导机场群及其协同区域的资源开发及优化的实践方案。

Airport agglomeration research:A review and prospect

Air transport has played a critical role worldwide for human mobility and trade. Airport agglomeration, usually located in urban agglomerations or metropolitan regions, are developing globally, and are estimated to handle most global passenger traffic. Multiple airport systems have long received attention from researchers. Meanwhile, airport agglomeration, as a new concept appeared in China's airport planning, has gradually grown into an emerging hot research field for air transport geography. This article reviewed related research on airport agglomeration as well as multiple airport system, defined the concept, and then discussed related research topics. It classified relevant research on airport agglomeration in China into three stages: 1) The embryonic stage before 2008; 2) the initial development stage between 2008 and 2016; and (3) the prosperous development stage since 2017. The research topics on airport agglomeration mainly involve six aspects: 1) Identification of developmental processes and organizational patterns. 2) Airports' catchment area and ground transport access. 3) Characteristics of air transport connectivity and optimization of air route network. 4) Passengers' travel behavior and airport choice. 5) Airport layout planning and evaluation. 6) Competition and cooperation of airports and their regional coordination. For the first time, this study distinguished multi-airport system, regional airport system, and airport agglomeration from a spatial view. From the perspective of geography, future research of airport agglomeration should focus on the following three aspects: 1) To clarify the conceptual connotation of airport agglomeration, strengthen empirical research and analysis, and establish a theory and methodology for the identification of the spatial organization pattern of airport agglomeration. 2) To build the airport-hinterland (or city) "spatial flow" big data system on the basis of urban agglomerations, and to explore the spatiotemporal pattern and development mechanism of airport agglomeration. 3) To explore practical solutions that can guide the resource development and optimization of an airport agglomeration and its coordination area.