试论地貌学的系统结构与发展趋势

本文运用系统论科学学的观点阐述地貌学的现代结构,进而探讨学科发展的未来结构.

GEOMORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND ITS DEVELOPMENT TRENDS

Based on the methods in Science of Sciences and information obtained both at home and abroad, and on the analysis of system approach in modern geomorphology, this paper gives a prediction of the rational geomorphological structure and its development trend in the future study of geomorphology. An initial understanding is given below: 1) It is analysed from modern structure that in our country, studies on geomorphology in the geomorphological branch of the middle-level traditional branches are stronger in strength and faster in development, whereas those frontier disciplines of the outer-level and the theoretical methods along with the overall branch disciplines of the inner-level are weaker in strength and have greater potentialities.2) According to the viewpoints expressed by more than 10 well-known scholars in other parts of the world and the analysis of central themes released from a number of international conferences, the current trend in the field of geomorphology can be summarized into the following aspects:1.Showing new interests in certain traditional studies.Genetical geomorphology (dynamic geomorphology aud historical geomorphology) and surface morphology (static geomorphology or morphometry) remain supported by many scholars and have gained new advancement;2.Emphasizing those strongly comprehensive and regional branch subjects.Those like regional geomorphology or planetary geomorphology, particularly environmental geomorphology, are taken as the relatively new branches with vitality.3.Applied geomorphology has been promoted to a more prominent position, and a new advancement in the discipline is now under way;4.Special importance is attached to the study of geomorphological materials and their physical-chemical properties as well as their relationship to geomorphological processes;5.A strong tendency is shown towards the latest geomorphological techniques and theoretical methods, particularly the general system approaches and their quantitative techniques,3) It is predicted on the basis of the analysis of present tendency that the following systems should be included in the geomorphological structure in the days to come. I,Landscape geomorphological system.1.Branch geomorphological system referring to traditional geomorphological branches.2. Environmental geomorphological system-referring to the study of the interrelationships of climatic geomorphology, structural geomorphology, man-made geomorphology and other natural factors with the factors in the formation of regional geomorphology) I, Intelligence geomorphological system;1.Applied geomorphological system-referring to various kinds of application in society and others in earth sciences in the field of geomorphology;2. Geomorphological systems of technology and methods-referring to the study of various kinds of thchnology and methods applied to geomorphology.The above-described four systems may possibly constitute a relatively rational structure in the future study of geomorphology,among which there exist such functions as matter flux-energy flux and/or information flux and its feedback,However, judging from the current development of disciplines in this country, emphatic studies on the latter three systems will help set up a geomorphological optimum structure in the days to come.