半无限地下介质中与垂直张性裂缝相关联的应力场和地面形变

本文笔者把垂直并贯穿达地表面之张性裂缝作为格里菲思（Griffith）裂隙来考虑,从而研讨了在已给裂缝变形情况下的半无限地下介质中的应力场和地面形变.推导出了估计这些应力和变形的一系列公式.考查了地表面的变形和与裂缝的存在相伴随的应力降.关于裂缝的张开,假设按线性规律从裂缝的顶部到底部逐渐减小至零,而裂缝顶部开裂的宽度与裂缝深度比较,则认为相对地较小.

THE STRESS FIELD AND THE GROUND SURFACE DEFORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH A VERTICAL TENSION CRACK IN A SEMI-INFINITE GROUND MEDIUM

In this paper a vertical tension crack intersecting the ground surface is considered as a Griffith crack. The writer has investigated the question that for a given form of deformation of the ground crack, the distribution of the stress field and surface deformation within a semi-infinite ground medium and developed a series of formulas to evaluate the stress field and deformation. Then, the deformation on the ground surface and the stress drop accompanying the crack were studied, assuming that the width of the crack decreases linearly from the top to zero a,t the bottom, and small in comparison with the depth of the crack.