Rock-magnetic and archeomagnetic survey from some classical settlements at Chapultepec archeological site (western Mesoamerica) |
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Authors: | Veronica López-Delgado Ana M Soler-Arechalde Guadalupe Espinosa-Rodríguez Avto Goguitchaichvili |
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Institution: | 1.Laboratorio Interinstitucional de Magnetismo Natural, Instituto de Geofísica - Sede Michoacán,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,Morelia,Mexico;2.Museo Nacional de Historia-INAH,Castillo de Chapultepec,México D.F.,Mexico |
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Abstract: | Many archaeological artifacts contain magnetic minerals that may record the direction and strength of the Earth’s magnetic
field. The geomagnetic field parameters (declination, inclination and intensity) change through time and then may be used
as a dating tool. Over the last three decades, the archeomagnetic method was successfully applied in Europe. Still, no systematic
studies are devoted to the American sites. We report here, a detailed rock-magnetic and archeomagnetic investigation of some
pre-Columbian settlements at Chapultepec archeological site (western Mesoamerica). Continuous low-field susceptibility vs.
temperature curves performed in air point to Ti-poor titanomagnetites as remanence carriers. Hysteresis ratios fall essentially
in the pseudo-single-domain region. The twelve oriented samples taken from the furnace located in the habitation area were
demagnetized applying pick alternative fields. In most cases, a stable uni-vectorial remanent magnetization was found yielding
a reasonably well defined mean characteristic direction: inclination I = 32.8°, declination D = 353.4°, and parameters of
Fisherian statistics α95 = 10.4° and k = 14. Still poorly defined directional master curves for Mesoamerica, together with relatively dispersed mean
directions obtained in this study, make dating targets difficult. Archaeomagnetic dating was carried out on the basis of Bayessian
statistics. This established a most probable time interval from 512 to 634 A.D. with an average of 573 ± 61 A.D. |
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