大国在南美洲的地缘影响分析

随着中国“走出去”战略的实施，中国与南美洲地区的合作出现了全局式的跨越发展。南美洲地处南大西洋和南太平洋之间，扼控两洋海上交通航线，石油、粮食、矿产等资源丰富，是世界重要的能源、粮食生产基地和新兴市场，也是中国战略资源重要进口来源地。近年来，美国、欧盟、俄罗斯、日本等大国对南美洲地区的高度关切与介入，使得该地区地缘环境变得十分复杂。中国与该地区不断深化合作的同时，也要考量其他大国竞争及干预的压力。本文基于大国与南美洲地区的地缘关系现实，分别从地缘政治、地缘经济、地缘文化、地缘军事等角度全面分析了其地缘影响，为解读该地区复杂地缘环境提供了分析思路。研究表明：大国在南美洲施加地缘影响有所不同，表现在所采取的手段与途径各有侧重以及国别差异显著。

Geo-influence of the great powers in South America

With the implementation of China's "going out" strategy, the cooperation between China and South America has developed rapidly. South America is located between the South Atlantic and South Pacific. It is rich in oil, grain and mineral resources, and is an important energy and grain production base in the world. In recent years, The United States, European Union, Russia, Japan and other great powers have been highly concerned about and involved in the South American region, which has made the geopolitical environment very complex. As China deepens its cooperation with this region, it also takes into account the pressures of competition and intervention by other powers. Based on the geopolitical relations reality in South American, this paper analyzes geo-influence of the great powers from the perspectives of geopolitics, geo-economy, geo-culture and geo-military respectively, which provides an analytical idea for the interpretation of the complex geo-environment in South America. It shows that the great powers exert different geo-influence in South America, which is manifested by the different means and the significant differences between different countries.