基于WoS和Citespace的应急避难场所知识图谱和进展分析

以近30 年Web of Science 核心数据库收录的2472 篇应急避难场所相关文献为基础，首先统计发文数量时间分布和期刊分布，然后利用Citespace可视化软件，从发文作者、机构、国家、关键词和学科方向5个方面分别进行知识图谱分析。结果表明：近30年来应急避难场所研究发文呈现由缓慢探索、稳步发展向高速发展的阶段；发文期刊主要为自然灾害类、紧急医学类、工程技术类；研究作者群较多，学术交流较为紧密；美国和中国为发文量最多的国家；路易斯安那州立大学和中国科学技术大学是主要的发文机构；从关键词发现应急避难场所目标人群主要围绕灾害救援和社会弱势群体，研究视角从单一问题和事件开始向综合系统演变，研究方法从定性的方法模型转向动力机制和信息系统开发，研究内容则注重多学科交叉和微观尺度、重视案例实证和信息共享和强调应急避难场所管理；学科方向主要为工程学和公共环境与健康两个学科。在建设韧性城市的背景下，可借鉴国际经验来构建中国应急避难场所研究体系和管理。

Knowledge structure of emergency shelters research: An analysis based on WoS and Citespace map

Emergency shelters is one of the important research objects in urban risk and public safety. Based on 2472 literatures related to emergency shelters which are retrieved from the Web of Science core database in the past 30 years, Firstly, statistical the time and journals distribution, and then the Citespace visualization software is used to analyze from author,institution,country,keyword and discipline. As a result, In the past 30 years, emergency evacuation has been get through three stages: slowly explored、steady development and high-speed development; The study group is more and academic exchanges are closer; United States and China are the countries with the largest number of literatures; Louisiana State University and University of Science and Technology of China are main research institutions; The main issues are including natural disaster, emergency medicine, engineering technology; From the key words perspective, the target occupants of emergency shelters mainly focus on disaster relief and socially disadvantaged groups, the research perspective has evolved from a single problem and event to an integrated system, research methods have shifted from qualitative methodological models to dynamic mechanisms and information system development, In terms of research content, it pays attention to multidisciplinary and micro-scales, emphasizing case studies and information sharing, and emphasizing the management of emergency shelters; The disciplines are mainly engineering and public environment and health. In the context of building a resilient city, it is of great significance to use international experience to build a research and management system for emergency evacuation sites in China.