The source of highly overmature solid bitumens in the Permian coral reef paleo-reservoirs of the Nanpanjiang Depression |
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| Institution: | 1. The State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China;2. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510760, China;3. Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214151, China;1. College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, No.19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China;2. Fa Xu～Shanghai Branch of CNOOC Ltd, No. 583 Lingling Street, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, PR China;1. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China;2. Coal Reservoir Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center of Coalbed Methane Development & Utilization, Beijing 100083, PR China;3. China United Coalbed Methane Corporation, Ltd., Beijing 100011, PR China;1. Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany;2. Total, CSTJF, 64018 Pau Cedex, France;3. Clausthal University of Technology, Department of Hydrogeology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany;1. Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;2. Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, Honolulu, HI, USA;1. School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Cassie Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;2. Durham Energy Institute, Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Science Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;3. Groundwater Science Directorate, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK;4. School of Earth Sciences, Woods Institute for the Environment, and Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;5. Nicholas School of the Environment, Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Duke University, Box 90338, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708-0338, USA;6. Ward Hadaway, Sandgate House, 102 Quayside, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE13DX, UK;1. Linnæus University, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, 39182 Kalmar, Sweden;2. Geoscience Centre Göttingen of the Georg-August University, Department of Geobiology, Goldschmidtstr. 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany;3. NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK;4. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden;5. Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;6. Department of Palaeobiology and the Nordic Center for Earth Evolution (NordCEE), Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50 007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden;7. Laboratory for Isotope Geology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50 007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Solid bitumens occur extensively in Permian coral reefs of the Nanpanjiang Depression. Both potential source rocks and solid bitumens in the study area are highly overmature and have similar bulk carbon isotope values. It is difficult to perform an oil–source rock correlation study in this area based on only regular molecular geochemical methods and bulk carbon isotope values. Thus the covalently bound biomarkers released from solid bitumens and source rock kerogens by catalytic hydropyrolysis (HyPy), together with the geological settings, were taken into account in this oil–source rock correlation study. The distribution characteristics of covalently bound biomarkers suggest that the major source rock of the Longlin paleo-reservoir (in the midwest of the depression) solid bitumen should be the Middle Devonian mudstone, whereas the source rock of the Ziyun paleo-reservoir (in the north of the depression) solid bitumen should be the Lower Permian source rock. However, solid bitumens in the Ceheng and Wangmo paleo-reservoirs (in the middle of the depression) may be mainly sourced from the Middle Devonian source rock, but partly from the Permian source rock. Our bitumen–source rock correlation results are also supported by the petroleum geological settings of the study area, which indicate that the filling of those paleo-reservoirs was controlled by the matching of hydrocarbon generation and trap formation. Basically, the timing of hydrocarbon generation of the Middle Devonian source rocks matches well with the formation of Permian coral reef traps in the middle and midwest portions of the depression, but it is earlier than the formation of the Permian coral reef trap in the north of the depression. We show that our oil–source rock correlation study based on covalently bound biomarkers can provide reliable information for petroleum system analysis when highly overmature strata in South China are involved. |
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| Keywords: | Oil-source rock correlation Catalytic hydropyrolysis Solid bitumen Paleo-reservoir Petroleum system |
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