Permeability in Rotliegend gas sandstones to gas and brine as predicted from NMR,mercury injection and image analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Brovej Building 118, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;2. School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;1. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Columbusstrasse, D-27568, Bremerhaven, Germany;2. The University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany;3. Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Section 3.2, Geomechanics and Rheology, Telegrafenberg, D-14473, Potsdam, Germany;1. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing, 100083, China;2. Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China;3. China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing, 100724, China;4. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing, 100083, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China;2. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China;3. Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK;4. State Key Laboratory of Oil-Gas Reservoir Geology& Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China;5. College of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China;6. Unconventional Natural Gas Institute, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China |
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| Abstract: | Permeability characterisation of low permeability, clay-rich gas sandstones is part of production forecasting and reservoir management. The physically based Kozeny (1927) equation linking permeability with porosity and pore size is derived for a porous medium with a homogeneous pore size, whereas the pore sizes in tight sandstones can range from nm to μm. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) transverse relaxation was used to estimate a pore size distribution for 63 samples of Rotliegend sandstone. The surface relaxation parameter required to relate NMR to pore size is estimated by combination of NMR and mercury injection data. To estimate which pores control permeability to gas, gas permeability was calculated for each pore size increment by using the Kozeny equation. Permeability to brine is modelled by assuming a bound water layer on the mineral pore interface. The measured brine permeabilities are lower than predicted based on bound water alone for these illite rich samples. Based on the fibrous textures of illite as visible in electron microscopy we speculate that these may contribute to a lower brine permeability. |
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| Keywords: | Permeability Tight sandstone Bound water Image analysis NMR |
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