汉江中下游流域水环境保护的经济手段探讨

汉江中下游流域基本都在湖北省境内,与沿江社会经济快速发展不相称的是其水质的日益恶化。文章认为汉江中下游流域水环境逐步恶化有着深刻的经济原因,即由于缺乏市场导向和政府干预失灵而导致的对水环境资源的低效配置。因此,只有将环境保护与经济发展相结合,在水环境保护领域利用市场和创建市场．充分发挥市场配置资源的功能,才能从根本上解决汉江中下游流域水环境问题。

On the Economic Instruments for Water-environmental Protection in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Hanjiang Basin

Contrary to the social-economic development of the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang basin, which is almost in the territory of Hubei province, quality of the water in this basin becomes worse and worse. Hubei province always attaches importance to the water-environmental protection of the Hanjiang basin in its territory. Lately, not only the enforcement of the water-environmental protection laws was strengthened, but also the prevention and management of water pollution were supported by Hubei province. But the actual result is not worth optimistic, because the water-environment in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang basin does not ultimately improve. The economic reasons resulting in deterioration of water quality of the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang basin is the lack of market-oriental instruments and the failure of governmental regulation. Thereafter, this paper suggests the economic instruments for water-environmental protection in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang basin, such as utilizing the market and establishing the market. However a perfect management system is needed to guarantee successful implementation of these instruments.