太阳总辐射表校准方法比较

介绍了5种总辐射表的校准方法,比较了这些方法的优点和不足。针对不同等级的总辐射表,采用不同的校准方法,对其进行量值传递,以满足不同用户的需求。通过对不同方法的对比试验,结果表明遮/不遮法校准的总辐射表灵敏度的准确度优于成分和法,而成分和法优于平行比对法,以人工光源校准误差最大。我国总辐射表的校准以太阳为光源,按WMO的规定在仪器的正常使用状态下进行。使用遮/不遮法校准国家散射辐射测量标准,用成分和法校准省级工作级标准总辐射表,用平行比对法校准台站用工作级总辐射表,确保了太阳辐射观测数据的准确可靠。

Comparison of Calibration Methods for Pyranometers

Five calibration methods of pyranometers are introduced and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. For different classes of pyranometers, there are different calibration methods to transfer values in order to meet the needs of different customers. By comparison of different methods, the results show that the sensitivity accuracy of the pyranometers calibrated by the shaded/unshaded method is better than those by using the component summation technique. Likewise, the component summation method is better than the side by side comparison method. The error of the method using an artificial source to calibrate pyranometers in the laboratory is the maxmium. According to WMO CIMO Guide, pyranometers should be calibrated only in the position of using sun as light source. The shaded/unshaded method is used to calibrate the national diffuse irradiance standard pyranometer, and the component summation method to calibrate the provincial standard pyranometer, the side by side comparison method to calibrate the working pyranometer in stations. All these methods ensure the accuracy and reliability of solar radiation measurement data.