柴达木盆地盐湖硼矿资源的形成和分布特征

柴达木盆地盐湖富含硼矿资源,有沉积型和矿化水两种类型。盐湖卤水硼矿在方向性变化上呈北高南低的态势。固体硼酸盐矿床的成矿时间为晚更新世到全新世,并以全新世为主。固体硼矿主要分布在盆地北缘的大、小柴旦盐湖,马海干盐湖也有零星分布,卤水硼矿床的形成受控于丰富的硼物质来源、闭流汇水盆地和干旱的气候条件;稳定的物理化学环境、低温条件、稀释掺杂作用、生物作用、盐湖水体化学类型及其它相关成盐机制则对固体硼酸盐沉积矿床的形成起着重要的作用。

Formation and Distribution Characteristics of Boron Resource in Salt Lakes of Qaidam Basin

Boron resource is rich in salt lakes of Qaidam basin, has two types which are sedimentary and mineralizing water. The trend is that the north is higher than the south in directional change in the boron resource of salt lakes. Borate deposit was precipitated in late pleistocene epoch and Holocene epoch, mainly in Holocene epoch. Borate deposit is mainly distributed in Da Qaidam and Xiao Qaidam lakes which were located in Qaidam Basins northern margin. Some are fragmentary distributed in Mahai salt playa. Formation of boron brine is controlled by the abundance of boron source, closed catchment basin and the arid climate.Stable physicochemical environment, low temperature condition, diluting and doping effect, biological effect, hydrochemical type of salt lakes and other formation mechanism play the important roles in the formarion of borate deposit.