ENSO背景下基于柯本分类法的我国气候分类

采用传统柯本气候分类法,对1966—2016年的22个厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜年中国气候进行合成分析,并与50年平均的气候分类结果对比。结果表明：ENSO年从整体上对气候带分布的影响不大,我国仍主要由4个气候分区主导;厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜发生年和次年对气候型和气候副型的影响都较为显著,尤其是我国南方地区、西北干旱区及东北地区;厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜发生年我国存在5个厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜敏感区,即藏南地区、陕西中部、四川中部、辽东半岛和内蒙古东部,这些敏感区的冬季出现明显偏干化趋势;拉尼娜发生年,我国还存在两个拉尼娜敏感区,即长江中下游地区和华南地区,这些地区冬季出现明显偏干化趋势;除此外,厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜发生次年,我国存在4个厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜敏感区,即四川中部、陕西中部、辽东半岛、内蒙古东部;厄尔尼诺发生次年,我国还存在4个厄尔尼诺敏感区,即长江中下游地区、华南地区、云南东部及两广丘陵中部地区。

Climate classification over China based on Köppen climate classification in the context of ENSO

In this study, the traditional Köppen climate classification was used to composite analyze the climate of 22 El Niño and La Niña years in China during the period 1966-2015, and the results were compared with those in the 50 years from 1966 to 2015. The results are as follows. During ENSO years, there are no significant changes on the distribution of the climate zones as a whole. China is mainly dominant by four climate zones. The climate types and subtypes, however, are changed significantly during El Niño and La Niña years and next years, especially in southern, northeastern and northwestern China. There are five sub-regions in China, namely southeastern Tibet, the central of Shaanxi province, the central of Sichuan province, Liaodong Peninsula and eastern Inner Mongolia, which are sensitive to both El Niño and La Niña years, and these sensitive regions tend to be drier in winter. There are still two sub-regions in China, namely the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and South China, which are sensitive to La Niña years and also tend to be drier in winter. In addition, there are four sub-regions in China, namely the central of Shaanxi province, the central of Sichuan province, Liaodong Peninsula and eastern Inner Mongolia, which are sensitive to the next years of both El Niño and La Niña. There are also four sub-regions in China, namely the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, South China, the east of Yunnan province and the central of Guangdong and Guangxi Hills, which are sensitive to the next years of El Niño.