远距离热带低压影响下山东半岛特大暴雨成因分析

用1948～2000年共53年的NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了南北半球大气质量交换的周期变化特征和两半球大气质量交换通道的空间分布.结果表明:两半球的大气质量交换从长时间来看基本上是平衡的.两半球质量交换的季节变化表现为明显的半年周期,冬季和夏季的交换比较显著,且以夏季为主;具有显著的十年际变化;年际变化特征总体来看不显著,只在1980年代～1990年代存在较为显著的2～5年的年际振荡.NCEP资料存在较大变更的三个时段(以1968、1979年为分界)的周期变化特征确实存在一定的差异.全球平均异常向南的越赤道质量输送不存在很强的季节依赖性,主要由低空北半球太平洋-大西洋副热带高压南侧东北信风和亚洲季风区对流层高层副热带高压南侧的越赤道东北气流决定,亚洲季风区冬季南下的冷空气也起到很大的作用;而异常向北的越赤道质量净输送则主要发生在夏季,主要由亚洲季风区越赤道西南季风决定,特别是索马里越赤道急流从对流层低层到高层整层的向北输送,同时对流层低层赤道中东太平洋-大西洋信风区的东南信风也有较大的贡献.

DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF RAINSTORM IN SHANDONG PENINSULA INFLUENCED BY A FAR-AWAY TROPICAL DEPRESSION

Based on the observational data as well as data of satellite,NCEP reanalysis and moist potential vortex,the heavy rainfall event that occurred away from the outer cycle of tropical depression No.0605 on July 27,2006 in Shandong Peninsula is analyzed.The results show that there were three severe convective sector and the storm rainfall mainly distributed in the front of a high-energy area.Positive vorticity component of moist potential vorticity show that the rain intensity change was determined by upper and low level jets,the area of MPV2>0 occurred at the front of the low jet cores.distribution and transportation of warm advection in low levels provided dynamic and thermal conditions for the rainstorm.The spatial-temporal evolvements of physical variable fields and MPV2 as the horizontal