1961-2003年黑龙江省主要树种的生态地理分布变化

 利用桑斯维特（Thonthwaite）的气候分类法和半峰宽（PWH）计算法，采用Kriging方法和地理信息系统（GIS）等技术，探讨了黑龙江省1961-2003年间气候变化对生态地理区域界限及当地森林主要树种分布的影响。结果表明：在气温升高的背景下，黑龙江省温带与暖温带的热量界限向北撤并东移，寒温带与温带的热量界限则大幅度北撤。同时，分布于大兴安岭的兴安落叶松、小兴安岭及东部山地的云冷杉和红松等树种的可能分布范围和最适分布范围均发生了北移。其中兴安落叶松分布总面积减少6.28万km2，云冷杉和红松分布面积均扩大1.57万km2。

Changes in Eco-geographical Distributions of Major Forestry Species in Heilongjiang Province During 1961-2003

By using the Thonthwaite method, peak width at half height method, GIS technique and Kriging method, a comprehensive analysis is performed involving the effects of climate change on boundaries of eco-geographical regions for main forestry species in Heilongjiang Province. The results show that under the conditions of climate warming, the thermal boundary of temperate zone and warm-temperate zone moved towards east and north, and the thermal boundary of cool-temperate zone and temperate zone moved northwards significantly. Meanwhile, all the optimum and potential distributing regions of Larix gmelinii, Spruce fir forest and Pinus koraiensis have the tendency of moving northwards. The eco-geographical distributing area of Larix gmelinii reduced 6.28×104 km2, and on the contrary, those of Spruce fir forest and Pinus koraiensis increased 1.57×104 km2, respectively.